Mintage Journal of Pharmaceutical and Medical Sciences (ISSN: 2320-3315)

Author(s): NAVEEN KUMAR . T1*, L.NAGAKRISHNA2,LAKHAVAT SUDHAKAR3,ANURAG THATIPALLI

Objectives : To review the drug treatments and some of the popular , non traditional remedies now available for type-2 diabetis mellitus, as well as selected investigational agents , to describe each medications place in the overal approach to treatment.Material and Methods : Data source from english language journals, pharmacolgy text books, abstracts, review articles and newspaper accounts.Results:Older drugs like Sulfonyl ureas and Meglinitide analogues stimulate production and release of insulin.These drugs must be used in patients with intact pancreas and are associated with risk of hypoglycaemic  .Biguanides (metformin) reduces hepatic glucose production and increases peripheral glucose utilization, but its use is hampered by  a high percentage  of adverse  reaction  like  metallic  taste  and  diarrhoea.Thiazolidinediones  induce  PPAR?which express  relevant  genes  increase  glucose  transport  and utilization.but the disadvantage is increased risk of cardiovascular problems.£ -glucosidase inhibitorsinhibit enzymes £ -glucosidases present in the intestinal brush borders and there by prevent the absorption and delay the digestion of carbohydrates .Abdominal distension and diarrhea had restricted their use.Conclusion :. Hence there is continuous ongoing work in development of newer drugs ,which are safe ,efficacious and potent as well as free of undesirable effects such as sustained hypoglycemia. Fortunately there are newer drug , few of them approved while other still knocking the door from the classes of drug  such as GLP1 Mimetic ,DPP-4 Inhibitors, SGLT-2 Inhibitors , insulin new class of drugs. Here we have tried to cover  adverse effects  and pharmacotherapy based problems  in brief